German Grammar Explained /

Perfect tense: irregular participles

We use past participles to build our sentences in Perfekt (the German past tense star).
lesen → gelesen
Ich habe dieses Jahr schon drei Bücher gelesen.
I have already read three books this year.
In this post, we have collected the most important irregular past participles and we hope that with the help of our self-study materials you will memorize these forms with little effort!
Note that most irregular forms end in -en.
With haben:
findengefunden
nehmengenommen
lesengelesen
trinkengetrunken
essengegessen
schlafengeschlafen
helfengeholfen
schreibengeschrieben
treffengetroffen
With sein:
fahrengefahren
fliegengeflogen
kommengekommen
gehengegangen
With sein where it's not really clear why:
bleibengeblieben
seingewesen
werdengeworden
My head...
Time to practice!